So you've got Wi-Fi router– this gives you a convenient and no less fast access to the Internet from anywhere in your house or apartment, which is already great. As a rule, most users purchase the dispensing device themselves and it happens that they hardly configure it, except perhaps only adjust the basic settings for optimal operation. However, do not forget that setting up Wi-Fi security is necessary if you do not want uninvited guests on your network and the headaches that accompany them.

Why are visitors dangerous?

If you don’t take care of properly setting certain parameters, they will connect to your network and take a decent share of the speed for themselves, they can reconfigure the router or even get to your computer if there is an interested person with certain hacking skills on the other side.

The conclusion is this: if you don’t protect yourself, sooner or later it can play a cruel joke on you; This is especially true for places where Wi-Fi can become almost public - multi-storey buildings, houses near parks, and so on.

Where to look for router settings

If you just bought the device and haven't changed anything yet, but want to at least minimally secure your wireless network, you will need to follow the steps described below.

To begin, open the browser you have on your computer. We find at the top address bar and enter the values ​​192.168.1.1. If it doesn’t work, we change the first one to zero, we get 192.168.0.1. Of course, there may be situations where the manufacturer has changed the standard address: in this case, you will find it either on the device sticker or on the box.

The next window that you will see will be for your login and password: by default this is the word admin, or again we specify it on the device sticker. By the way, the first and most primitive reason for the vulnerability is to leave standard login information on the router.

Well, now that you are already inside, the fun begins - setting up Wi-Fi security.

How to protect yourself

We will show everything using the example of a TP-Link modem. First of all, let’s change your login and password.

We find the menu items on the left and select “System Tools” there, and then in the submenu – the “Password” item. Here we enter the old data in the first two fields, then the new login and twice New Password. After which we just have to click on “Save”.

We continue to strengthen Wi-Fi security and change the network name or SSID. Here we go to the “ Wireless mode" and then proceed as shown in the screenshot. It is important to use the Latin alphabet and numbers in the name - we do not use the Cyrillic alphabet at all.

Some devices also have a special option - hiding the network name, so that after the first correct settings you no longer have to enter anything manually: your computer or tablet will connect automatically, and no one will be able to access the Internet without permission, even from your computer.

The third action, which is aimed at protecting your network, is changing the encryption - everything is clear here. There is no point in using WEP encryption, since it is quite outdated and has many flaws.

Here we look for “Basic settings”, then “Wireless mode” and in it the item “Wireless protection”. On the tab we recommend using WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK. Now let's save again.

Another function that is needed only in 10% of cases, but creates a serious gap, is WPS: we find a separate tab with it and disable it, after which we save the changes again.

Now we have in turn such an aspect of Wi-Fi security as IP protection using Firewall. Of course, all computers that will be connected to the network must also have firewalls enabled and antivirus software installed.

We go to the “Security” tab, where we are interested in “Basic protection”. Here we need " Firewall SPI”, opposite which we mark the “Activate” item. This gives us another plus on the path to relative security.

As a last resort, if someone can still guess the password, there is such an option as filtering by MAC addresses– by enabling it, you can further increase security Wi-Fi distribution by strictly restricting access to it. In fact, only devices included in the list will be able to connect, while others will be blocked from entering under any conditions.

We find the “Wireless Mode” item and the “MAC Address Filtering” sub-item. Here we need to click on the “Enable” button and select “Allow”. Now at the bottom we find the “Add” button and write down the necessary addresses: do not forget to name the devices to make it easier to understand.

To find out the MAC address of your computer, just go to the “Start” menu and find the command line there, or find the “Run” item and enter cmd there: in both cases you will see a window like in the screenshot in which you need enter getmac. In the screenshot, the required field is highlighted with a red frame.

To get information about the address of your Android tablet or phone, go to: “Settings” > “About phone” > “ Technical information" Now you will be protected from all kinds of intrusions.

Some of the devices have an interesting function inside the settings - work schedule settings, thanks to which the device will work and be accessible only in certain time and on certain days.

If your computer is infected with viruses, it is useful to know information on how to turn on the Internet safe mode. With this method of starting the operating system, only minimal components will be loaded. The main advantage is that applications that are registered in startup will not load.

The login process is straightforward. It may only differ depending on the version of WINDOWS you are using.

There are three types:

• The standard option, in which only the programs and services necessary for the operation of the operating system are launched. With this method, network drivers will not start, so logging onto the Internet will not be possible.
• The second method involves launching network drivers. Unlike the first option, the user gets the opportunity to access the network.
• Login using command line. The peculiarity of this method is that after launching the standard option, the command line appears.

To connect to safe mode in Windows, you need to perform a number of actions:

1. You need to remove all disks and floppy disks from the computer, then restart. You need to activate the “Start” button and select the “Restart” option.
2. If the user has one operating system installed on the computer, then during the reboot process you need to hold down the F8 button. You need to press it until the Windows inscription appears. If the logo appeared before pressing the button, you need to repeat the steps again. To do this, you need to boot completely and then restart again.
3. If several operating systems are installed, you need to use the arrows to select the one you need. Then the F8 button is pressed.

The user will see a panel of additional download options. Use the arrow keys to select the option you want and press enter.

The method of connecting will depend on the type of operating system. For example, if we are talking about seven, then there are two ways. The first option involves logging in while the program is starting, the second during operation. In the first case, the mode will work even in the event of serious failures on the computer.

To enter safe mode on Windows 7, you need to do the following:

1. Restart your computer if it was turned on.
2. Before starting, you need to press F8 several times. It is best to do this at least three times.
3. A window will appear with a choice additional parameters For loading.
4. Having selected safe mode, you need to press the “enter” key.

Important! Often on laptops you have to press F8 along with the Fn key.

Purpose

In every operating room Windows system Is there a way to download it? It’s impossible to just go into it. If the operating system is working correctly, then it is not visible. It is considered one of the diagnostic methods.

Once Windows is started in this way, the user will see a typical system, but it will have simplified graphics and a desktop background. The main feature is that in this option only the basic ones will work. Windows programs. All services that are configured to autostart at startup will be disabled.

Many users wonder why turn on in safe mode if many services will not function. This method is necessary if you cannot connect Windows at all. The reasons for this may be various, such as a virus or operational errors. If the operating system does not start due to any system error, then logging in using the security method may also not always work.

This type of run often helps identify the problem. For example, if an incompatible driver was installed. In such a situation, you can find the reason why the operating system does not start in the standard manner.

If you turn on in a safe way, you can start working antivirus program. It will help clean your computer. After this, you can start the system for recovery.

Possible operations

If you use this method, a number of operations become available to the user:

• Possibility to check operating system for the presence of viruses. Programs that are installed on autorun will not start. Namely, they are where viruses are most often located.
• Configure and restore the system. This is best done when connecting.
• Update and install new drivers. With this mode, only the most minimally necessary ones will be loaded. If the computer is not working well, and the problem lies in the drivers, this method can solve the problem.

The user will also be able to check the operation of the computer. If it's a matter of software, then with this input it will function well. If the problems persist, then there is a breakdown in the hardware system.

Is it possible to use the Internet

Often users are faced with the situation that the Internet does not work in safe mode. If you cannot access it, it means that blocking programs are installed on your computer. In such a situation, it is recommended to restart the computer and turn on as usual. To do this, in the “system configuration” tab, select “normal startup”, then “general”.

Then you need to clean your computer from malicious and blocking programs. It is also recommended to reinstall your antivirus program.

Reasons for lack of connection

If you enable safe mode, most often you still cannot access the Internet. This happens if the network drivers have not been activated. This situation occurs with the standard boot type. To be able to access the Internet, you need to choose the second method with connecting drivers.

Programmers do not advise doing this, as there is a possibility of aggravating the breakdown situation. This is because this boot method disables many systems on the computer.

By running the operating system with an exception unnecessary programs Safe mode is one of the important types of computer diagnostics. It helps restore the computer's functionality after breakdowns and malfunctions occur.

Hello! I read your article and tried the repair. I have Huawei phone 4G, through its distribution I use a PC on Windows 7, 4 days ago the Internet stopped turning on, in the morning and disappeared in the evening, I leave with the phone and back I can’t connect to the network, tel. how the modem works. I have a second 3G phone, I immediately connect to the PC from it, but the speed is 1-2 Mbit/s. Very little, 4G speed is about 10 Mbit/s and that was enough for me to work.

I called MegaFon, but what's the point? I have the speedtest program and on a PC with 4G the speed is 10 and 3G is less than 5. I also thought that 4G is from China and the signal from the tower is different? The signal from the phone's 4G antenna is 3-4 divisions, so that's why it stopped connecting to Windows?

• deleted network adapter 2 times, changed connection passwords.
• I reset the access point settings on my smartphone.
• disabled the antivirus.
• I tried connecting in safe mode and wpa2 psk.
• rebooted and took it out myself USB adapter from the PC socket.
• I called Huawei, they said that I bought it in China and reset the network settings, but it didn’t help.
• I haven’t gotten to Windows and its realteka yet, because the same SIM card from another phone immediately joins the network.

and it’s still not clear why 4G connects somehow spontaneously, but today I’ve been doing scientific research all evening and can’t connect a 4G smartphone, Windows error Could not connect to the Wi-Fi network. Maybe you can give me a hint, is it the provider, Windows, or maybe the phone? Thanks in advance.

Addition:

In general, I was sitting with this problem: 4G does not connect to the network for a long time, and now the network connected as if spontaneously once again, I try to flip through the browser pages, they seem to jump unnaturally but they turn, I turn on speedtest to measure the Internet speed, the Wi-Fi icon is connected, but it doesn't measure speed. It connects and suddenly gives an error in English. that the firewall might be blocking, etc., I went into the firewall and disabled the TP link in the firewall and all networks. By the way, I’m wondering if I checked all the boxes correctly in the firewall security? Well, after that I measure the speed and everything is fine above 10 Mbit/s, so far so, maybe there will be some surprise.

Answer

Do I understand correctly that Internet distribution from a 4G smartphone works now? Is your computer already connected to the network normally?

It can appear for various reasons. Both from the side of the computer itself and the access point. In your case, this is a Huawei smartphone and the Megafon operator.

The first step was to launch the hotspot on the phone Wi-Fi access with a new username and password. In your username and password, use only english letters and numbers. And reset the network settings on your computer.

Well, to find out what’s wrong, you can simply connect another device to this Wi-Fi network (which the phone distributes).



• Safe mode ( Safe Mode) loads a limited set of drivers to run the operating system with minimal risk of problems.
• If you need to access local network to solve problems with the system, you should choose Safe Mode with Networking instead of the usual Safe Mode.



WiFi

What affects the operation of Wi-Fi wireless networks?

What affects the operation of Wi-Fi wireless networks? What can be a source of interference and what are its causes? possible reasons? Which can lead to intermittent or unstable work wireless connection?

As is known, in wireless networks, radio waves (radio air) are used as a signal propagation medium, and the operation of devices and data transmission in the network occurs without the use of cable connections.
In this regard, the operation of wireless networks is affected by a greater amount of various types of interference.

1. Wi-Fi devices (access points, wireless cameras etc.) operating within the range of your device and using the same frequency range.

The fact is that Wi-Fi devices are susceptible to even slight interference that is created by other devices operating in the same frequency range.

Wireless networks use two frequency bands - 2.4 and 5 GHz. 802.11b/g wireless networks operate in the 2.4 GHz band, 802.11a networks operate in the 5 GHz band, and 802.11n networks can operate in both the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands.

Frequency range used and operating limitations in different countries may be different.

In the 2.4 GHz frequency band, 11 or 13 channels are available for wireless networks with a width of 20 MHz (802.11b/g/n) or 40 MHz (IEE 802.11n) with 5 MHz intervals between them. A wireless device using one of the frequency channels creates significant interference on adjacent channels. For example, if an access point uses channel 6, then it strongly interferes with channels 5 and 7, and also, to a lesser extent, with channels 4 and 8. To avoid mutual interference between channels, it is necessary that their carrier frequencies are spaced apart from each other. friend at 25 MHz (5 interchannel intervals).

The figure shows the spectra of 11 channels. Color coding indicates groups of non-overlapping channels - , , , , . It is recommended to configure wireless networks located within the same coverage area on non-overlapping channels, which will experience less interference* and collisions (conflicts). Numbers of non-overlapping channels - 1, 6 and 11.
*Interference is a signal transmitted by other emitters (they may or may not be part of your Wi-Fi network) on the same channel (or close to it) that your access point is broadcasting on.
To determine the most free Wi-Fi channel, you can use special utility InSSIDer:

Attention! In Russia, 13 wireless channels are allowed for use, three of which are non-overlapping (these are channels 1, 6 and 11).

If the wireless adapter installed on your computer/laptop/tablet/smartphone is intended for use in the United States (for example, Apple devices), it will only be possible to use channels 1 to 11. Therefore, if you set the channel number to 12 or 13 (and also if one of them was selected by the automatic channel selection algorithm), the wireless client (iPad/iPhone) will not see the access point. In this case, you must manually set the channel number from the range 1 to 11.

You will find additional information on how to choose the right wireless channel for your access point to ensure a reliable wireless connection in the article:

2. In some cases, it is recommended to reduce the Wi-Fi signal strength at the access point to 50 - 75%.

2.1. Using too much radiated Wi-Fi signal power does not always mean that the network will work stable and fast.
If the radio air in which your access point operates is heavily loaded (when reviewing wireless networks, you see a large number of them and their signal strength is high), then the influence of intra-channel and inter-channel interference may be felt. The presence of such interference affects network performance, because sharply increase the noise level, which leads to low communication stability due to the constant forwarding of packets. In this case, we recommend reducing the transmitter power at the access point.
If you did not find the setting for reducing the transmitter power in the access point, then this can be done in other ways: if possible, increase the distance between the access point and the adapter; unscrew the antenna on the access point (if such a feature is provided in the device); if there are removable antennas, use an antenna with a lower signal gain (for example, with a gain of 2 dBi instead of 5 dBi).

2.2. The transmitter power of the access point in the router is usually 2-3 times higher than on the client mobile devices(laptop/smartphone/tablet). There may be places in the network coverage area where the client will hear the access point well, but the client’s access point will hear poorly, or not hear at all (a situation where there is a signal on the client device, but there is no connection). In the communication channel, asymmetry arises from different values ​​of power and sensitivity of the receivers.
To ensure a good signal level, it is necessary that the connection between the client device and the access point be as symmetrical as possible so that the access point and the client can confidently hear each other.
As strange as it may seem, in order to eliminate asymmetry and obtain a more stable connection, sometimes it is necessary to reduce the transmitter power at the access point.

3. Bluetooth devices, wireless keyboards and mice that work within the coverage area of ​​your Wi-Fi device.

Bluetooth devices and wireless keyboards and mice operate in the 2.4 GHz frequency range, and therefore may affect the operation of the access point and other Wi-Fi devices.

4. Long distances between Wi-Fi devices.

Please remember that wireless Wi-Fi devices have a limited range. For example, a home Internet center with an 802.11b/g Wi-Fi access point has a range of up to 60 m indoors and up to 400 m outdoors.
Indoor range wireless point access may be limited to several tens of meters - depending on the configuration of the rooms, the presence of main walls and their number, as well as other obstacles.

5. Obstacles.

Various obstacles (walls, ceilings, furniture, metal doors, etc.) located between Wi-Fi devices can partially or significantly reflect/absorb radio signals, which leads to partial or complete loss of the signal.
In cities with multi-storey buildings, the main obstacle to the radio signal is buildings. The presence of permanent walls (concrete + reinforcement), sheet metal, plaster on the walls, steel frames, etc. affects the quality of the radio signal and can significantly degrade the performance of Wi-Fi devices.
Indoors, mirrors and tinted windows can also cause radio signal interference. Even the human body attenuates the signal by about 3 dB.

Below is a table showing the loss of efficiency of a Wi-Fi signal when passing through various environments. The data is given for a network operating in the 2.4 GHz frequency range.

* Effective distance- means how much the range of action will decrease after passing the corresponding obstacle compared to open space. For example, if in an open space the Wi-Fi range is up to 400 meters, then after passing through one interior wall it will decrease to 400 m * 15% = 60 meters. After the second again 60 m * 15% = 9 meters. And after the third 9 m * 15% = 1.35 meters. Thus, through three interior walls, most likely, wireless connection it will not be possible to install.

Outdoors influence quality transmitted signal may be the landscape of the area (for example, trees, forests, hills).
Atmospheric interference (rain, thunderstorm, snowfall) can also cause reduced performance wireless network(in case the radio signal is transmitted outdoors).

6. Various household appliances operating within the coverage area of ​​your Wi-Fi device.

Let's list household appliances, which may cause deterioration in the quality of Wi-Fi communication:

• Microwave ovens. These devices may weaken the Wi-Fi signal because... usually also operate in the 2.4 GHz band.
• Baby monitors. These devices operate in the 2.4 GHz band and produce interference, resulting in poor Wi-Fi connection quality.
• CRT monitors, electric motors, wireless speakers, cordless phones and others wireless devices.
• External sources of electrical voltage, such as power lines and power substations, can be sources of interference.

7. Devices using the USB 3.0 standard may interfere with Wi-Fi networks in the 2.4 GHz band.

When testing Internet centers in our laboratory, we did not encounter a situation where a connected device via USB 3.0 would affect the operation of the wireless network in the 2.4 GHz range. But we cannot exclude such cases.

This problem may be caused by interference coming from connected devices or cables, sockets, connectors c USB interface 3.0. In particular, there may be missing or insufficient shielding on the cable or connector of the connected device, which may result in interference at frequencies in the 2.4 GHz band (which is the frequency at which most wireless devices operate).

How to scan a Wi-Fi network and determine the most free channel?

How to determine the most free Wi-Fi channel for work wireless adapter or access points?

As a rule, the optimal channel number is selected automatically based on periodic analysis of the radio broadcast.