Free digital channels are becoming the new norm, providing unique quality services. DTV confidently moves across the country, covering not only Moscow, but also many other large regions. And all because the century modern technologies implies the most rational and competent use of innovative technical means. Such as image-sound transmission using digital signal programming on specific digital frequencies. At the same time, the quality is transmitted at the highest level, absolutely without being subject to all kinds of interference. Due to the expansion bandwidth there was a possibility of watching a larger number of programs on a wide variety of topics. The exact lists are being clarified for each individual region that covers the federal broadcasting of CETV, but now you can connect to the most advanced television, which improves its services every season.

To watch free over-the-air channels in the Moscow region, you will need to purchase and install an individual UHF antenna. Home TV must be equipped digital tuner DVB-T2 (digital TV standard). For older models, you need to buy a set-top box that supports MPEG 4 video signal compression, as well as Multiple PLP mode. After this, it’s enough to professionally connect the equipment and set up on-air DVB-T2 channels that are broadcast from the Ostankino TV tower. The coverage area today is almost 95% of the Moscow region.

The ordered list of TV channel frequencies is designed to make setup as easy as possible, including older non-HD TV models. Today, open digital channels are broadcast without a subscription fee; in addition to the first, the second and third multiplexes were launched with the ability to view 10 programs in each, now there are already 20. It is worth remembering that the first generation equipment of the DVB-T format is not capable of supporting new standard, it was officially disabled in early 2015. Having at your disposal an over-the-air antenna and a DVB-T2 tuner, you can easily connect a large package of news, entertainment, sports, music programs.

The first digital terrestrial TV multiplex
Channel logo	Name	Number	Frequency	Genre	Video format	Audio format
	30	546 MHz	Federal	MPEG4	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Federal	MPEG4	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Sport	MPEG4	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Federal	MPEG4	MPEG2
	St. Petersburg - Channel 5	30	546 MHz	Federal	MPEG4	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Federal	MPEG4	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	News	MPEG4	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Children's	MPEG4	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Public television of Russia	MPEG4	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Federal	MPEG4	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Radio	-	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Radio	-	MPEG2
	30	546 MHz	Radio	-	MPEG2
Second digital terrestrial TV multiplex
	24	498 MHz	Federal	MPEG4	MPEG2
	24	498 MHz	Religion	MPEG4	MPEG2
	24	498 MHz	Entertaining	MPEG4	MPEG2
	24	498 MHz	Entertaining	MPEG4	MPEG2
	TV3	24	498 MHz	Entertaining	MPEG4	MPEG2
	24	498 MHz	Entertaining	MPEG4	MPEG2
	24	498 MHz	Military Patriotic Channel	MPEG4	MPEG2
	24	498 MHz	CIS channel	MPEG4	MPEG2
	24	498 MHz	Movies	MPEG4	MPEG2
	Muz TV	24	498 MHz	Music	MPEG4	MPEG2
The third multiplex of digital terrestrial TV It has not yet been officially launched, so the list of channels is displayed on a separate page with a broadcast schedule

The information was obtained from open sources and is current as of the beginning of 2020. As the grid changes, the data will be updated.

Article 37. Erotic publications

Law of the Russian Federation dated December 27, 1991 N 2124-1 (as amended on July 13, 2015)
"About means mass media"

Distribution of specialized radio and television programs of an erotic nature without signal coding is permitted only from 23:00 to 4:00 local time, unless otherwise established by the local administration.

For the purposes of this Law, a mass media specializing in messages and materials of an erotic nature means a periodical publication or program that generally and systematically exploits interest in sex.

Retail sales of media products specializing in messages and materials of an erotic nature are permitted only in sealed transparent packaging and in specially designated premises, the location of which is determined by the local administration.

Installing a TV antenna, accessible to all TV viewers, allows you to get digital television in Moscow, broadcasting is carried out in the dvb-t2 standard. The analogue broadcast system is becoming a thing of the past and will be completely switched off in the near future. The reason for this is the improvement of radio frequency technologies. If previously no more than 18 programs were broadcast from the Ostankino tower, then in 2016 there are already 30. The channels operate digitally and are grouped in groups of 10 on one frequency, this package is called “Multiplex”.

1. First multiplex Ostankino TVK 30, frequency 546 MHz
2. Second multiplex Ostankino TVK 24, frequency 498 MHz
3. Test third multiplex Ostankino TVK 34, frequency 578 MHz

For local repeaters, broadcast parameters may differ. The Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation provides for the widespread launch of twenty federal, demonstrative paid channels. You will find towers under construction and operating in the Moscow region in the right block of the current page.

Advantages of terrestrial digital television

Maintenance free

Television installed in compliance with all rules serves long time without service maintenance.

A large number of TVs can be connected to one antenna when the cable is laid in series.

Digital quality

Image without interference and distortion with digital system DVB-T2 transmission and high definition support.

No monthly fee

Free television shows all federal channels, 20 programs have been officially launched and 10 are in test mode.

Reception of digital television in Moscow is possible on any televisions, with the difference that for older models you will need a dvb-t2 receiver. This is a small set-top box with a separate remote control through which it is controlled. The signal from the antenna is supplied to the receiver, and you can connect it to the TV using a “tulips” or “scart” cord. How to set up the receiver is described in the user manual. In new types of flat TV panels, the tuner is already built-in, look for dvb-t2 in the specifications and try to find digital channels. If it doesn’t work, check the cable connection and find out if you have regular cable TV in your home.

DVB-T2 television equipment sets

Price 5,500 rub.

Antenna without amplifier with one receiver, distance to Ostankino 20-30 km.

• Digital antenna DVB-T2 10dB
• Wall bracket 35cm.
• Cable 10 m., connectors 2 pcs.
• Digital DVB-T2 receiver

Popular set

Price 11,500 rub.

Antenna with amplifier without receivers, distance to Ostankino 60 km.

• Digital antenna DVB-T2 15dB
• Brackets 0.5m. 2 pcs., 4m mast.
• Cable 10m, connectors 10pcs.
• Signal amplifier 20dB
• Installation on the wall from a 4m ladder.

Price 16,500 rub.

Antenna with amplifier without receivers, distance to Ostankino more than 60 km.

• Digital antenna DVB-T2 20dB
• Brackets 0.5m. 2 pcs., 6m mast.
• Cable 10m, connectors 10pcs.
• Mast signal amplifier 40dB
• Installation on the wall from a 4m ladder.

Digital receivers for old TVs

Receiver Oriel 100

Price 2,200 rub.

• Plastic case
• Recording Timer, Time Shift
• Viewing photos and videos
• Standard DVB-T2/T, Outputs - HDMI, RCA

Receiver Oriel 120

Price 2,300 rub.

• Metal case, display
• Recording Timer, Time Shift
• Viewing photos and videos
• DVB-T2/T standard, Outputs - HDMI, RCA, RF

The main part of the equipment set is the antenna; the quality of terrestrial television reception depends on its power. For Moscow, an antenna with an average gain is usually sufficient. In some cases, a more powerful option is required. This happens when a country cottage, a private house or the cottage is located in a lowland and surrounded by tall trees. The distance to the tower also plays an important role. Installation is desirable in the highest part of the house; installation is carried out on a small bracket or steel mast. The price of the work will vary depending on the complexity; the exact cost is calculated by the master according to the standard price list, taking into account current discounts and promotions. The connection is made to the existing cabling using an amplifier and dividers. The master can arrive the very next day after receiving the order.

Even as a child, living in the village, I always tried to tune the TV to good reception of a large number of channels. The only option that I understood for myself from these attempts is that the higher the antenna is, the better quality channels and more. But there is a limit to the height of the antenna mast. Therefore, some channels were always shown well, some were shown not so well, and some were not shown at all. Now, living in the city, you don’t experience any problems with the quantity and quality of the TV channels provided, but when visiting a village, sometimes you want to turn on the TV and change channels, choosing an interesting program. But in the countryside, time moves slower and modern technologies arrive there late, and sometimes don’t arrive at all.

In this regard, I set out to set up as many television channels in the village as possible. To begin with, I propose to consider what options are available today for obtaining a high-quality signal and picture on the TV:

1Cable TV- television, in which the signal is distributed through a television cable that is directly connected to each television

Pros: high-quality TV.

Cons: Subscription fee, available only in large cities.

2 Satellite television. Satellite television broadcasts using a satellite suspended in low-Earth orbit. The signal is received by TV viewers on an individual dish antenna.

Pros: high-quality TV.

Cons: Cost of equipment, subscription fee.

3 Terrestrial television. Terrestrial television distributes the signal using ground stations- repeaters, in order to receive this signal you must use an antenna.

Pros: minimum costs.

Cons: the signal level is often low; the display and quality of channels depends on the weather, distance from the tower, mast height, etc.

You can also say that TV channels can be watched via the Internet, but in this article I would like to talk about watching channels without using a computer/laptop, and especially the Internet.

Of all the methods described, the only one that suited me was using satellite TV, but spending money on buying equipment, and then paying more subscription fee- I really didn’t want to. After scouring the Internet, I found an alternative way - terrestrial digital television. The essence of digital television is the following - the transmission of television images and sound occurs using digital encoding of the video signal and sound signal using digital channels. Digital encoding, unlike analogue, ensures signal delivery with minimal losses, since the picture and sound are not influenced by external factors (interference). Of the nuances of using digital television, I note the following - a television channel in digital television has two provisions, it will either work in good quality, either will not work at all. Unlike analog TV, there is no borderline state or interference, the only exception is if the channel has very poor communication quality, it can slow down, turn off and turn on again, to avoid this you need to use another antenna, raise the existing one higher or turn towards the TV tower .

What you need to watch digital television:

TV antenna;

TV or set top box (Set Top Box) with tuner DVB-T2(namely DVB-T2, the outdated DVB-T will not work), support for the MPEG4 video compression standard and the Multiple PLP mode.

You do not need to buy an additional antenna, just use the antenna for analog signal. But the antenna itself is not enough, to watch digital TV you need a set-top box with a DVB-T2 tuner (some modern TVs do not need such a set-top box, since it is built into the TV, this information can be obtained from the documentation for the TV or on the manufacturer’s website, which discusses a similar case ). Set-top boxes are not expensive, on average from 1500 to 2000 rubles. In fact, you don’t need to buy anything other than this set-top box. Another plus is that you don’t need to pay a subscription fee for terrestrial digital television.

It is important to note that digital TV allows you to view a limited number of channels; at the time of writing there were 20 (possibly less depending on the region of residence).

Digital television is not configured according to the principle - the higher you raise it, the more you catch. You can only tune these 20 channels, plus you can add more analog channels that your antenna will pick up (if your DVB-T2 set-top box or your TV has such a function). To learn more about the number of channels and the possibility of using digital television in your region, you can call hotline RTRS: 8-800-220-20-02 (calls within Russia are free) or on the website: www.rtrs.rf.

So, I propose to move from theory to practice. In my case I used the usual one TV antenna, which was very popular 15 years ago. With this antenna I managed to catch about 3 analogue channels in good quality, 2 in satisfactory quality, and a couple more channels appeared in poor quality in good weather.

I purchased a DVB-T2 set-top box. Regarding the choice of consoles, I didn’t rack my brains, since technically they are all as similar as two peas in a pod. Most of them have two outputs - tulip (some SCART) and HDMI, there is a USB connector for viewing content USB media. I got the impression that they are all made at the same Chinese factory, only they are equipped with different boxes and labels. When purchasing, pay attention to the control panel of the set-top box, since you will use it constantly (switch channels, turn the volume lower, higher, etc.).

I connected the antenna to the DVB-T2 set-top box, and connected it to the TV using a tulip (it usually comes with the set-top box).

Tulip RCA connectors for video and stereo audio. Yellow is for video, white is for monaural or left channel of stereo two-channel audio, red is for right channel of stereo two-channel audio.

Let me make a reservation right away: I connected the set-top box to an obsolete CRT TV, so I chose a tulip cable if you have an LCD or plasma TV With HDMI output, then you should connect it with a designated HDMI cable (it must be purchased separately), since the image quality will be much higher.

I switched the TV to AV mode and got to the DVB-T2 set-top box interface. Setting up the set-top box requires minimal effort; all default settings will satisfy most users. The main thing you need to do is set up the channels. To do this, I went to the channel search menu and selected Auto search.

A few minutes later, the DVB-T2 set-top box found those same 20 channels + 3 radio stations. But a few days later, channels 11 to 20 disappeared, on the website rtrs.ru I saw that the towers to which I connected did not support 2 multiplexes (from 11 to 20 channels), and the fact that they worked for a couple of days was most likely tests. As a result, I purchased a high-quality, “strong” antenna to watch all 20 channels. Test video below.

Antenna test video ANT-T2-MAX

In order to understand the capabilities and settings of this set-top box, I offer a photo of each menu item (please excuse the low quality of the photo).

A digital set-top box, as I wrote earlier, can play files from USB flash drives. To do this, insert USB device into the set-top box, go to the menu, select "USB" - "Multimedia", select the playable format (music, pictures, video).

In addition, digital set-top boxes have the ability to record images from the TV to a flash drive. To do this, just press the “Rec” button on the control panel of the DVB-T2 set-top box, after which the recording will begin on a USB device.

To summarize, I am very pleased with the quality and quantity of digital TV channels (of course, more channels are possible, but not all at once). In my opinion, for remote places, dachas, villages, towns, where people are not ready to spend 10,000 rubles on purchasing satellite TV + pay a subscription fee, I consider this option the most suitable.

Digital television has replaced analogue broadcasting and is widespread throughout Russia. Its advantages lie in the transmission of broadcasts in high resolution HD. The image is supplied in MPEG-4 format, and the sound is MPEG-2. Both formats are too large for direct broadcasting, and the information is compressed into a DVB-T2 digital signal before transmission (T2 is the second generation of digital broadcasting after the DVB-C/T terrestrial television standard), hence the name - digital television.

Characteristics of the broadcast standard

Digital terrestrial television works by encoding and sending the signal to repeaters for further transmission to end consumers. To obtain an image in digital format, the user needs to decode the signal. This function is performed by the TV tuner, which is present on the digital set-top box and on all televisions. Today in Russia the DVB-T2 format is used, which belongs to the second generation of the European digital broadcasting standard.

This signal is transmitted in the decimeter range. It is called that because a signal with a wavelength of 10 to 100 cm propagates, which corresponds to a frequency range of 300 MHz - 3 GHz. Up to 800 MHz are the frequencies of digital channels broadcast from terrestrial stations. Satellite television operates at gigahertz values, which broadcasts in a separate direction and the signal is transmitted according to the DVB-S2 standard.

DVB-T2 capabilities

The introduction of a digital format through broadcasting is, first of all, an opportunity for users to receive modern and high-quality television with minimal investment. For reception digital signal UHF terrestrial antenna is required. The previously used analogue broadcasting antenna will not work, because... it operates in the meter television range in Russia (30 - 300 MHz).

Advantages of digital TV

Most viewers use television as usual, by connecting an antenna to the TV. Only a small proportion of users prefer satellite or cable TV, or watch TV channels via the Internet. Therefore, many people have a question: why is digital TV better than analogue? To do this, it is enough to compare them with each other and highlight the advantages and disadvantages. The advantages of the figure include:

• access to popular federal channels;
• high quality images at weak signal(the figure does not have a “syndrome” of interference or picture distortion);
• widescreen television.

And all this for a small investment - you only need decimeter antenna and a signal decoding device. The disadvantages include only weak penetration digital technologies. However, the ten most popular channels broadcast throughout the country, covering sparsely populated areas.

Methods for receiving digital broadcasts

The earliest method of transmitting video in digital format was satellite television, broadcasting mainly foreign channels. Today, three options for receiving digital television are available:

• Satellite. On this moment using it you can view all foreign and domestic TV channels broadcasting in Russia in the gigahertz frequency range.
• Cable. It is the most advanced and provides the user with the desired programs to choose from.
• Essential. This option repeats the principle of broadcasting and digital television channels are provided free of charge.

To figure out which method is more suitable, it is better to consider each type of broadcasting separately.

Satellite TV

Despite the high cost of the equipment, it still remains the most popular, but over time it is losing its position. This is due to the fact that digital and cable broadcasting appeared relatively recently.

Important dignity satellite dish- weather-independent television. For reliable reception, all that is required is the correct direction of the dish towards the satellite. The signal is transmitted from the satellite in the gigahertz frequency range. You can also use it to watch all foreign channels that the receiver can pick up.

Cable TV

This type broadcasting involves the complete absence of receiving equipment. The entire responsibility for organizing signal transmission (installation of wired and wireless sensors, signal sources and other components) is assumed by the provider. Basically this is installing a tuner on a repeater, sometimes a direct cable from a TV tower. At the exit, residents have only a cable.

Cable TV has two advantages:

1. Versatility. It provides both digital and analogue broadcasting.
2. Large selection of channels. With it, a set of any free and paid channels is available.

Also, cable television does not require an antenna, i.e. when connected, the user receives turnkey broadcasting.

Terrestrial TV

It works on the same principle as analog. To view it, you only need an over-the-air analogue television antenna and support for receiving a DVB-T2 signal. Broadcasting is provided by multiplex repeaters.

This type of digital reception is currently poorly developed and has a small coverage (only the first multiplex operates throughout the entire territory), but over time the broadcast area is only expanding.

What is multiplex

Terrestrial digital broadcasting comes from RTRS towers, each of which provides the user with viewing a package of 10 channels - a multiplex. The frequencies of digital channels are different for each package. There are a few of them:

• The first (RTRS-1). It includes 9 federal channels, as well as one sports channel - Match-TV.
• Second (RTRS-2). It contains 10 other TV channels, mostly entertainment (TV-3, Muz-TV, Friday!, etc.).
• Third (RTRS-3). IN currently Test work is underway to connect the third multiplex.

Little is known about the latter. The exact launch date has not been announced, but since 2015 it has been broadcasting in trial mode and Moscow residents located near the Ostankino Tower can use it. Unlike the previous ones, the third multiplex includes many channels, but they broadcast several programs at different times on each frequency. It is known that Roskomnadzor issued a license to broadcast in the third multiplex to 40 digital channels.

Important! Each tower is independent and does not include the repeater channels of the previous package, i.e. To view 20 channels of both multiplexes, the antenna must receive a signal from both towers (RTRS-1 and RTRS-2).

What you need to view

Depending on the type of broadcasting, different equipment will be required, but in all cases, support for receiving a DVB-T2 signal is required. The easiest way to organize a digital format will be for cable TV users. To watch you need a modern TV; reception and broadcasting of channels is provided by the provider.

Terrestrial TV will cost a little more, because... You also need to buy an antenna for installation in a private house, or pay for a connection to a collective one. Given the incomplete coverage throughout the country, in addition you will need to buy an amplifier.

For use satellite television need to go broke even more. Often it comes complete with a satellite and a receiver, and when purchasing satellite TV you do not need to buy anything else, but the cost of the kit may force you to abandon it. Unfortunately, one plate is not enough, because... The receiver is needed to unblock paid channels.

List of available channels

It was reported above that 10 TV channels are available in broadcasting from one signal at a specific frequency (for each multiplex), as well as several radio channels.

First multiplex (RTRS-1)

It includes 10 popular programs, most of which are federal channels. The first television multiplex began operating in 2011 and today is available to all residents of Russia. It includes the following TV channels:

Below is their table.

All channels broadcast around the clock and with a single program schedule throughout the country. There are also 3 radio channels broadcasting around the clock. In Moscow, the first multiplex operates at a frequency of 546 MHz, which corresponds to 30 TVCs. In each region, programs are broadcast on different frequencies. How to find out the digital channel frequency for your city? can be viewed on the website rtrs.rf. There is also a digital television coverage map.

For residents of Moscow, the channels of the first multiplex are available on 30 TVCs.

Second multiplex (RTRS-2)

Second digital TV package, including 10 other channels. Unlike the first, the second multiplex appeared recently and is not present everywhere. However, the state program for the development of digital TV provides for the gradual introduction of RTRS-2 for all residents of Russia. It includes the following digital TV channels:

Distribution of the second multiplex takes certain time, because its broadcasting requires a separate repeater (RTRS-2) which transmits the signal on a different frequency and cannot be located next to another tower (RTRS-1). In the Moscow region, channels are received at a frequency of 498 MHz, which corresponds to channel 24.

Third multiplex (RTRS-3)

Today, the third package of channels is being broadcast. Unlike the others, it will include more channels that will broadcast at different times of the day. Today, test broadcasting of the third multiplex of digital terrestrial TV from the Ostankino Tower is already underway, which can be received within a radius of 100 km (Moscow and the Moscow region). Channels are shown at a frequency of 578 MHz (channel 34).

Repeaters for (RTRS-3) have not yet been installed. The total number of currently active channels is more than 40. But this is not yet a definitively approved list of channels.

You can find out the TVC in your region for watching digital TV, as well as the coverage area and multiplex support on the website rtrs.rf. You can also find up-to-date information on plans to introduce terrestrial digital television in your area of ​​residence on the resource.

Frequencies of DVB-T2 digital channels

Connection and setup

You can watch digital terrestrial television using a receiver or TV. Depending on whether the latest TV tuner is available, a set of digital equipment for installation is determined. At the first stage, you need to choose the correct direction of the antenna - towards the tower. At the same time, you need to remember that the first and second multiplexes broadcast from different repeaters.

After installing the antenna, the plug is connected to the TV or set-top box and only after that the amplifier is connected to the power supply. This must be taken into account in order to prevent the loss of half of the programs, because... Questions are often asked about why and how many channels a digital set-top box shows.

TV

On modern Samsung TVs, Philips, Sony and LG have a built-in TV tuner designed for digital. A connector for connecting a decimeter antenna comes from it. After connecting it, you need to select a channel corresponding to the broadcast frequency and enable automatic channel tuning.

If there are analogue broadcast programs, you can do this in two ways:

• Create a new profile to configure, log in from it and enable auto search. In the future, to switch between digital and analogue channels, simply change the user.
• Turn on manual search and find each channel separately. It won't take much time to search for 10 channels of one multiplex.

Unlike analogue broadcasting, digital has no interference and you can immediately save found programs.

Console

If a receiver is used as intermediate equipment, you first need to switch on the TV to the channel corresponding to the connector to which the set-top box is connected (most often it is audio/video). Afterwards, you can start setting up digital television using auto-tuning.

It will be more difficult if the equipment is already used for satellite TV and a decimeter antenna is connected using a duplexer. If there is support for several user modes, it is recommended to do the same as when setting up for a TV with working analogue TV channels. If this option is not available, you can select 10 free channels and manually enter the parameters. You can find out at what frequencies each package broadcasts on the website rtrs.rf from the channel table. The receiver will catch the same number of programs as when searching from the TV.

Conclusion

Digital broadcasting is free access to high-quality television for any user. Despite the rapid spread and implementation, digital channels broadcast in the UHF range, so users still have the opportunity to use it in conjunction with analogue and satellite broadcasting. At the same time, he does not need to think about how to connect digital television in the house, because... The principle of organization repeats analogue broadcasting.

1, average rating: 5,00 out of 5)

Until 2010, almost half of Russian residents (44%) could receive no more than four TV channels. At the same time, the possibilities for the development of analogue broadcasting were exhausted. Thanks to the introduction of digital broadcasting technologies, by the end of 2018, 98.4% of the country’s residents can watch 10 TV channels of the first multiplex for free, and more than 98% of TV viewers can watch 20 channels of the first and second multiplexes.

The package of digital channels RTRS-1 (the first multiplex) includes all-Russian mandatory public TV channels and radio channels. The list of these television and radio channels was determined by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated June 24, 2009 No. 715 “On all-Russian compulsory public television channels and radio channels” and its subsequent editions: Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated April 17, 2012 No. 456, Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated April 20, 2013 No. 367 , By Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of July 15, 2015 No. 365. Ten TV channels for broadcast as part of the RTRS-2 package (second multiplex) were selected by the Federal Competition Commission for Television and Radio Broadcasting (December 14, 2012, December 18, 2013 and September 30, 2015). Digital TV channels are broadcast in the DVB-T2 standard.

We remind you that in accordance with the Law “On the Mass Media” as amended on July 13, 2015, television and radio channels that received the right to digital broadcasting using positions in multiplexes throughout the territory Russian Federation, are classified as mandatory public television and radio channels. Mandatory public television and radio channels are subject to distribution in all broadcast media without charging consumers (TV viewers, radio listeners) for the right to view and listen.

What is multiplex in digital television?